In about 10 percent of cases, narcolepsy runs in families. Less often, the cause of narcolepsy is an injury that damages the brain. Their immune system mistakenly turns against their body and attacks the brain cells that produce hypocretin. When cataplexy is a symptom of narcolepsy, as it typically is, those brief episodes of sudden loss of muscle tone after strong emotional moments, with retention of consciousness, must occur at. Lumryz is an extended-release formulation of sodium oxybate that is now the first and only FDA-approved treatment for this patient. Some people experience hallucinations and sleep paralysis when they’re falling asleep or waking up.Ĭertain people with autoimmune disorders are more likely to get narcolepsy with cataplexy. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted final approval to Lumryz (sodium oxybate) for the treatment of cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness in adults who have narcolepsy. The lack of hypocretin makes it hard for someone to stay awake during the day, blurring the line between wakefulness and sleep. That loss of muscle tone causes you to lose control over your body when you’re awake. It’s the same loss of muscle tone that naturally happens during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The loss of muscle tone, cataplexy, happens because sleep and wakefulness overlap in narcolepsy. When it’s in short supply, your brain has trouble regulating your sleep-wake cycles. This chemical, which is produced in a brain region called the hypothalamus, controls sleep and wakefulness. Low levels of the chemical hypocretin cause narcolepsy with cataplexy. People who have narcolepsy without cataplexy have sleepiness but no emotionally triggered muscle weakness, and generally have less severe symptoms. Narcolepsy affects signals in your brain that are supposed to keep you awake. In this review, we will specifically discuss the biological events possibly initiated by SARS-CoV2 infection potentially overlapping with etiological mechanisms featuring Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), or narcolepsy.
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